EU Regulation
ESMA: European Securities and Markets Authority — Crypto and Tokenization Oversight
ESMA coordinates MiCA implementation across 27 EU NCAs, operates the CASP public register, publishes binding RTS/ITS, and oversees the DLT Pilot Regime for tokenized securities trading.
MiCA (Markets in Crypto-Assets Regulation)
MiCA is the EU's comprehensive regulatory framework for crypto-assets, covering issuers and service providers across all 27 member states.
MiCA Implementation Tracker: CASP Licensing Progress Across the EU
Live tracker of MiCA CASP licensing pipelines across EU member states: BaFin, CSSF, AMF, DNB, and CBI application volumes, approvals, and transitional period status.
MiCA One Year On: Has Europe's Crypto Law Delivered?
Assessment of MiCA's first year in force: what worked, what failed, market impact on EU vs. offshore competitiveness, compliance cost reality, and what the next 12 months hold.
MiCA Regulation: The Complete Compliance Guide for Tokenization Platforms (2026)
Complete compliance guide to MiCA: CASP licensing, capital requirements, custody rules, stablecoin provisions, and passporting across 27 EU member states.
MiFID II and Tokenized Securities
Tokenized securities that qualify as MiFID II financial instruments are regulated under MiFID II — not MiCA — requiring investment firm authorisation, best execution, and transparency compliance.